What are the two types of zoning?

The correct answer identifies two primary categories of zoning: Standard zoning, often referred to as Euclidean zoning, and performance zoning. Standard zoning is based on land use and density, defining specific zones within a municipality where particular types of activities are permitted. These zones categorize areas by use, such as residential, commercial, and industrial, and establish regulations to guide development and land use in an orderly manner.

Performance zoning, on the other hand, focuses more on the outcomes and impacts of land use rather than the strict categorization of land into specific types. It allows for greater flexibility in development, encouraging landowners to demonstrate that their projects will meet certain performance standards, such as traffic impact or environmental considerations, rather than strictly adhering to predefined land use types.

While the other options include variations of zoning types, they do not encompass the broader and primary classifications recognized in urban planning and zoning literature. For instance, while residential and commercial zoning are indeed categories used in municipal codes, they are more specific types of standard zoning, rather than classifications of zoning themselves. Hence, the focus on Standard (Euclidean) and performance zoning provides a more comprehensive understanding of how zoning is structured and operates in practice.